RSA---应用最广泛的非对称加密算法

package com.ant.jdk8.encrypt;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.security.*;
import java.util.Base64;

public class JavaApiRSADemo {

    private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA = "RSA";
    private static final String ENCODING_UTF8 = "UTF-8";
    private static final int KEY_SIZE = 2048;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, NoSuchPaddingException,
            InvalidKeyException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
        String data = "横看成岭侧成峰";
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA);
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(KEY_SIZE);
        KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();

        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        String publicKeyBase64Str = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(publicKey.getEncoded());
        FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File("D:\\java-api-rsa-public-key.pem"), publicKeyBase64Str, ENCODING_UTF8);

        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();
        String privateKeyBase64Str = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(privateKey.getEncoded());
        FileUtils.writeStringToFile(new File("D:\\java-api-rsa-private-key.pem"), privateKeyBase64Str, ENCODING_UTF8);

        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA);

        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
        byte[] bytesEncrypted = cipher.doFinal(data.getBytes(ENCODING_UTF8));
        System.out.println("加密后的数据：\n"+Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytesEncrypted));

        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        byte[] bytesDecrypted = cipher.doFinal(bytesEncrypted);
        System.out.println("解密后的数据：\n"+new String(bytesDecrypted));
    }
}

加密后的数据：EUwDvYCQnwfzsu3GhlEjseQyK4W1Ws1bmBuBuvHuHrhHkGZ7OFBK5o4kcLyBYrSSMZVhTqa9ZHN+r7E3dUpCx6lfR6yaIguAcvX/GVEgm5Rmqw5xahoP4La/VdKVvyB8Nf7OD67zjWjy8ycn86c5c6+EmifuKIKfVRXzHLr102LHT1ZLgyxcB0qmOD1PMdx6U0T3Vblgb8dp4RIJTEikQWMUaEuIwVTV233e6n3JDKPpEkNDeHtfxasXSBvWQETg3yWC1AzHjT40fG+nkM7EQGHuGefuT+WDWrcHDY+9Ry/NzqnYoAhm53BtfPFHa0lGxKrdsjuJIxe5LHvmCBv2eg==

生成的公钥(注意与openssl生成的密钥对的格式进行对比)：

生成的私钥(注意与openssl生成的密钥对的格式进行对比)：

=============================================================================

package com.ant.jdk8.encrypt;

import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;

import javax.crypto.BadPaddingException;
import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.IllegalBlockSizeException;
import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.*;
import java.security.spec.InvalidKeySpecException;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

public class JavaApiRSAUtil {

    private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA = "RSA";
    private static final String ENCODING_UTF8 = "UTF-8";

    public static void main(String[] args) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, InvalidKeySpecException,
            IllegalBlockSizeException, InvalidKeyException, BadPaddingException, NoSuchPaddingException {
        String data = "横看成岭侧成峰";
        System.out.println("加密前的数据："+data);
        PublicKey publicKey = getPublicKey("D:\\java-api-rsa-public-key.pem");
        String encryptedData = encrypt(publicKey, data);
        PrivateKey privateKey = getPrivateKey("D:\\java-api-rsa-private-key.pem");
        decrypt(privateKey, encryptedData);
    }

    /**
     * 从磁盘上的公钥文件生成PublicKey
     * @param publicKeyPath
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws InvalidKeySpecException
     */
    public static PublicKey getPublicKey(String publicKeyPath) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        byte[] bytesPublicKeyBase64 = FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(new File(publicKeyPath));
        byte[] bytesPublicKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(bytesPublicKeyBase64);
        X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(bytesPublicKey);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA);
        PublicKey publicKey = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
        return publicKey;
    }

    /**
     * 从磁盘上的私钥文件生成PrivateKey
     * @param privateKeyPath
     * @return
     * @throws IOException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws InvalidKeySpecException
     */
    public static PrivateKey getPrivateKey(String privateKeyPath) throws IOException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, InvalidKeySpecException {
        byte[] bytesPrivateKeyBase64 = FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(new File(privateKeyPath));
        byte[] bytesPrivateKey = Base64.getDecoder().decode(bytesPrivateKeyBase64);
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(bytesPrivateKey);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA);
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec);
        return privateKey;
    }

    /**
     * 加密数据并Base64编码
     * @param publicKey
     * @param originalData
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchPaddingException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws InvalidKeyException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     * @throws BadPaddingException
     * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
     */
    public static String encrypt(PublicKey publicKey, String originalData) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException,
            InvalidKeyException, UnsupportedEncodingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
        byte[] bytesEncrypt = cipher.doFinal(originalData.getBytes(ENCODING_UTF8));
        String encryptedDataBase64 = Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(bytesEncrypt);
        System.out.println("加密后的数据："+encryptedDataBase64);
        return encryptedDataBase64;
    }

    /**
     * 解密数据
     * @param privateKey
     * @param encryptedData
     * @return
     * @throws NoSuchPaddingException
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
     * @throws InvalidKeyException
     * @throws UnsupportedEncodingException
     * @throws BadPaddingException
     * @throws IllegalBlockSizeException
     */
    public static String decrypt(PrivateKey privateKey, String encryptedData) throws NoSuchPaddingException, NoSuchAlgorithmException,
            InvalidKeyException, UnsupportedEncodingException, BadPaddingException, IllegalBlockSizeException {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM_RSA);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        byte[] bytesEncrypt = Base64.getDecoder().decode(encryptedData.getBytes(ENCODING_UTF8));
        byte[] bytesDecrypt = cipher.doFinal(bytesEncrypt);
        String originalData = new String(bytesDecrypt);
        System.out.println("解密后的数据："+originalData);
        return originalData;
    }
}